The spread operator (…) in JavaScript is a powerful and versatile tool that allows you to expand an array, object, or iterable into individual elements or properties. It is commonly used to make working with arrays, objects, and function arguments…
TypeScript null & undefined: A Comprehensive Tutorial with Code Examples In TypeScript, null and undefined are important concepts that represent “nothing” or the absence of a value. Understanding how they work, how TypeScript treats them, and how to handle them…
TypeScript casting allows you to override the type system and tell the compiler that a variable is of a certain type, even when TypeScript cannot automatically infer the type or when the type needs to be narrowed down manually. Casting…
Functions are a core concept in TypeScript, just as in JavaScript, but TypeScript enhances functions by providing static types and advanced type features like type inference, overloads, and more. In this tutorial, we’ll cover TypeScript functions in depth and provide…
Union types in TypeScript allow for increased flexibility by enabling a variable to hold more than one type of value. Instead of restricting a variable to a single type (e.g., string, number, or boolean), a union type lets you define…
Enums in TypeScript are a way of giving more friendly names to sets of numeric or string values. They allow developers to define a collection of related values that can be numeric or string-based, making your code more readable and…
Tuples in TypeScript are a special type of array that allow you to define the number and types of elements that an array can contain. Unlike regular arrays, where all elements must be of the same type, tuples can have…
In TypeScript, arrays are used to store multiple values of the same type. TypeScript adds a level of safety to working with arrays by allowing you to specify the type of the elements in the array. This ensures that you…
In addition to the simple types such as string, number, and boolean, TypeScript includes several special types that are designed to handle more complex or specific scenarios. These special types provide extra flexibility when dealing with type checking, error handling,…
TypeScript is a statically-typed superset of JavaScript that introduces type annotations and compile-time type checking. One of its main features is type safety, which helps prevent errors by catching issues early during development. TypeScript includes a range of simple types…
The console module in Node.js provides a simple way to output information to the terminal or log files. It is similar to the console object found in web browsers but includes several additional features that make it useful in a…
The Buffer class in Node.js is used to work with binary data directly. It allows you to handle raw data such as file contents, network packets, and more, making it a key component for dealing with low-level data operations. Buffers…
The assert module in Node.js is used for writing tests and performing assertions. An assertion is a way to check that something is as expected. If the condition being tested by the assert module fails, it throws an error. This…
In JavaScript, Reflect is a built-in object that provides methods for interceptable JavaScript operations. These methods correspond to the default operations that can be intercepted by Proxy objects. The Reflect object allows us to perform many low-level object manipulations like…
In JavaScript, the Proxy object enables you to intercept and customize the behavior of fundamental operations on objects, such as property lookup, assignment, enumeration, function invocation, and more. With Proxy, you can control the behavior of objects in ways that…
In modern JavaScript, async/await provides a cleaner and more readable way to work with asynchronous code compared to traditional callback functions or .then() chains with Promises. Introduced in ES2017, async and await allow you to write asynchronous code in a…